Illinois Hospital Loses Tax-Exempt Status for Not Being Charitable Enough

From Law.com:

In a decision that could having a chilling effect on nonprofit hospitals, the Illinois Supreme Court on Thursday ruled that a Catholic hospital wasn't charitable enough, so it took away the hospital's tax-exempt status.

The ruling upheld a state tax review board's 2003 decision to end Provena Covenant Medical Center's tax-exempt status after the state learned that the center's charity care equaled less than 1 percent of revenue. Now, the hospital is liable for a multimillion-dollar property tax bill.

The Illinois decision comes as lawmakers in that state and in the nation's capital, as well as the Internal Revenue Service, are watching hospitals more closely with regard to their charitable giving. The IRS is scrutinizing hospitals' year-end tax filings, while lawmakers are talking about legislation to mandate a certain minimum level of charity care to justify tax-exempt status.

The Illinois ruling could bolster those efforts. "My biggest concern is that this will really drive more challenges to property tax exemption status for hospitals and other charities nationally at a time when they really can't afford it," said Elizabeth Mills, senior counsel to the Chicago office of Proskauer Rose.

Mills questioned the court's finding that the hospital wasn't charitable enough, noting that Illinois law sets no particular level of charity care linked to tax-exempt status.

In its decision, the high court concluded that Provena had failed to show "that it dispensed charity to all who needed it and applied for it." State lawyers had argued that only 302 patients at Provena received free or discounted care out of more than 100,000 admissions in 2002. Those patients cost the hospital a mere $831,724, or about 0.7 percent of its $113 million in revenue.

Nonprofits: Are You at Risk of Losing Your Tax-Exempt Status?

Last week, Gina M. Lavarda of Iowa published a new report titled “Nonprofits: Are You at Risk of Losing Your Tax-Exempt Status?” Check out the following clip of her abstract courtesy of the Tax Prof. Alternatively, you can download a PDF of the full report by clicking here.

In 2004, the IRS studied 110 § 501(c)(3) organizations and found that seventy-five percent of them had violated federal tax law by engaging in political-campaign activities during the 2004 campaign period. The IRS learned that many of these organizations did not understand the broad scope of the political-campaign prohibition and that organizations’ leaders mistakenly spoke on behalf of their organizations rather than in their personal capacities separate from their organizations. Following the study, the IRS stated that any § 501(c)(3) organization that did not comply with federal tax law’s statutory requirements and restrictions risked losing its tax-exempt status.

As the 2008 campaign was in full swing, the IRS promised to step up its enforcement of § 501(c)(3) requirements. As a result, courts likely will face increased litigation related to § 501(c)(3) organization violations. This Note reviews the requirements and restrictions that are placed on § 501(c)(3) organizations, including the political-campaign prohibition. In addition, this Note proposes a test to assist courts, § 501(c)(3) organizations, and leaders of § 501(c)(3) organizations in determining when organizations’ leaders are acting or speaking on behalf of their organizations and when they are speaking in their personal capacities, exercising their First Amendment free-speech rights.