Overlooked Deductions: 2011 Edition

2010 was a whiplash year for tax changes, from sweeping legislation to the will-they-won’t-they buzzer-beater debate on the Bush Tax Cuts extension. All those changes mean more confusion than ever. So, enjoy the updated overlooked tax deductions for the 2011 filing season.

1. Mortgage Insurance Premiums

Although most people remember to deduct mortgage interest they paid, many forget that mortgage insurance premiums are also deductible. In order to qualify, the policy must be for a debt used to purchase a first or second home. This deduction was due to expire at the end of last year, but was extended through 2011 as part of the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization and Job Creation Act of 2010.

2. Out-of-Pocket Educator Expenses

Another tax benefit that was extended at the last minute is the deduction available to teachers and educators who make out-of-pocket expenses, up to $250. You can read more about this deduction in this blog entry I posted earlier in the year.

3. Unreimbursed Job Expenses

If you have to make a purchase for work, you may qualify to deduct those expenses on your tax return. However, the IRS considers only specific expenses allowable, and they must be considered ordinary and necessary. To find out more about this deduction read this article on the RDTC Tax Help Blog.

4. Student Loan Interest

If you paid interest on a student loan for your own, your spouse’s or your dependent’s education, you may be able to deduct up to $2,500 worth of interest. This deduction is considered above-the-line, so you can claim it even if you do not itemize. Just keep in mind that there are strict income limits for this deduction in 2011.If you make more than $75,000 for single filers or $150,000 for married couples filing jointly, you may not be able to claim it.

5. State Tax Deduction

Remember that you can deduct your state income or sales taxes on your federal return. The deduction has been extended through 2011, so be sure to keep track of all state and local taxes you pay. To determine if you should claim your income or sales taxes paid you can use this calculator at IRS.gov.

6. Qualifying Legal Fees

Most fees paid to an attorney are not considered deductible. However, there are a few exceptions such as fees paid to an attorney related to a class action suit, estate tax advice, and alimony collection expenses paid to a lawyer. However, the deduction is subject to the 2% miscellaneous deduction limit.

7. Alimony Payments

Speaking of alimony, if you are required to make alimony payments, you may be able to deduct them on your tax return. You will need to file an itemized return, and must meet a few IRS qualifications. For more information, you can find details about the deduction in this article on the RDTC Tax Help Blog.

8. Business Tax Deductions

If you run a business, there are plenty of deductions you should look out for to reduce your tax liability. Including but not limited to: advertising and promotion costs, license and registration fees, legal and professional fees, Internet-related expenses, wining and dining clients, etc. For more information check out this article I wrote for WomenEntrepreneur.com on 10 tax deductions you can't afford to miss!

IRS Announces Pension Plan Limitations for 2011

In their newest press release the IRS announced cost of living adjustments affecting dollar limitations for pension plans and other retirement-related items for tax year 2011.

In general, these limits will either remain unchanged, or the inflation adjustments for 2011 will be small.

Highlights include:

The elective deferral (contribution) limit for employees who participate in section 401(k), 403(b), or 457(b) plans, and the federal government’s Thrift Savings Plan remains unchanged at $16,500.

The catch-up contribution limit under those plans for those aged 50 and over remains unchanged at $5,500.

The deduction for taxpayers making contributions to a traditional IRA is phased out for singles and heads of household who are active participants in an employer-sponsored retirement plan and have modified adjusted gross incomes (AGI) between $56,000 and $66,000, unchanged from 2010. For married couples filing jointly, in which the spouse who makes the IRA contribution is an active participant in an employer-sponsored retirement plan, the income phase-out range is $90,000 to $110,000, up from $89,000 to $109,000. For an IRA contributor who is not an active participant in an employer-sponsored retirement plan and is married to someone who is an active participant, the deduction is phased out if the couple’s income is between $169,000 and $179,000, up from $167,000 and $177,000.

The AGI phase-out range for taxpayers making contributions to a Roth IRA is $169,000 to 179,000 for married couples filing jointly, up from $167,000 to $177,000 in 2010. For singles and heads of household, the income phase-out range is $107,000 to $122,000, up from $105,000 to $120,000. For a married individual filing a separate return who is an active participant in an employer-sponsored retirement plan, the phase-out range remains $0 to $10,000.

Continue reading at IRS.gov...

Social Security: No 2011 Increase

On Friday, the Federal Government announced that there would be no rise in Social Security benefits next year. This will mark the second year in a row nearly 60 million senior citizens will not receive an inflation adjustment on their payments. According to CNNMoney.com, inflation has been low in the past two years and the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported on Friday that prices were up only slightly over last year. The article continues:

The last Social Security inflation adjustment was in 2009: Beneficiaries got a higher-than-normal 5.8% increase because of a temporary spike in energy prices in the third quarter of 2008.

Soon after, however, energy prices plummeted. Then the bottom fell out of the economy and by the third quarter of 2009 overall price levels had fallen 2.1% from the same period a year earlier. That meant no increase in 2010 Social Security benefit checks.

This year, while there has been some inflation, prices remain lower than they were in the third quarter of 2008 -- and that's the quarter that counts.

IRS Releases Draft W-2 Form for 2011; Announces Relief for Employers

According to a new press release, the IRS posted a draft Form W-2 for 2011, to help employers and employees confused about looming changes related to health care reform. Employers use the form to report wages and employee tax withholding.

The IRS also announced that it will defer the new requirement for employers to report the cost of coverage under an employer-sponsored group health plan, making that reporting by employers optional in 2011.

The draft Form W-2 includes the codes that employers may use to report the cost of coverage under an employer-sponsored group health plan. The Treasury Department and the IRS have determined that this relief is necessary to provide employers the time they need to make changes to their payroll systems or procedures in preparation for compliance with the new reporting requirement. The IRS will be publishing guidance on the new requirement later this year.

Although reporting the cost of coverage will be optional with respect to 2011, the IRS continues to stress that the amounts reportable are not taxable. Included in the Affordable Care Act passed by Congress in March, the new reporting requirement is intended to be informational only, and to provide employees with greater transparency into overall health care costs.

IMF Revises U.S. Growth Down, Jobs Picture Bleak

From Reuters.com:

U.S. economic growth will be much weaker this year and in 2011 than previously thought and that dims hopes for bringing down a very high unemployment rate anytime soon, the International Monetary Fund said on Wednesday.

In a sober assessment of the U.S. outlook, the IMF pulled down its estimate for 2010 growth to 2.6 percent from the 3.3 percent it published in July and said gross domestic product or GDP will expand 2.3 percent in 2011 instead of 2.9 percent.

"The most likely prospect for the U.S. economy is for a continued but slow recovery, with growth far weaker than in previous recoveries, considering the depth of the recession," the IMF said in its World Economic Outlook published ahead of weekend semi-annual meetings of it and the World Bank.

The IMF said the main reason the U.S. recovery is so weak is that consumer spending is sluggish and suggests it is little wonder that is the case. Falling home prices have reduced household wealth, 9.6 percent of the workforce is unemployed, banks won't lend and people are scared into saving.

It says the gap between actual and potential economic output will be a lingering drag on the pace of recovery.

Tax Hikes to Expect in 2011

As we wait for Congress to take up a handful of tax and financial issues, taxpayers across the country are wondering what tax laws will change in 2011. A handful of tax cuts and incentives are scheduled to expire at the end of the year, and unless Congress takes action Americans are going to pay more taxes in 2011. These hikes are going to affect more than just taxpayers making over $200,000 per year. There are dozens of tax changes on the horizon that could hit families of all kinds of different income levels. To help readers of my blog prepare for the potential changes, I have put together the following list of tax hikes to expect in the coming year.

Income Tax Rates

Depending on what action Congress takes on the Bush tax cuts, income tax rates could increase significantly in 2011. President Obama has urged congress to only allow the cuts to expire for taxpayers making over $200,000. However, Congress must decide the fate of these tax rates and unless they pass legislation in the next few months, tax rates will increase for all taxpayers. For more information on the impact of the Bush tax cuts check out this blog entry I posted a few weeks ago.

Estate Tax

As many of you already know, the estate tax expired at the end of last year and was not extended. Therefore taxpayers who inherited a sizeable amount of money this year did not have to pay the standard estate tax. Next year the tax is scheduled to be reinstated at a higher rate (55%). It will also target taxpayers receiving smaller estates. Additionally, if Congress does take up the issue they might instate a retroactive tax that could affect Americans who thought they were able to avoid the estate tax.

Dividends

Qualified dividends are currently taxed at 15% because of the Bush tax cuts. However, if the cuts are allowed to expire, that rate will increase to nearly 40% for some taxpayers. This could represent a significant increase to taxpayers who rely on income from dividends.

Capital Gains

Another area the Bush tax cuts would impact is the capital gains rates. Depending on how Congress acts, the rates could rise to 20% in 2011. The increase is likely to only hit high-income taxpayers, and if you are worried about the hike then you might want to consider selling off some of your gains in 2010. However, you should always speak with a financial advisor to determine the most advantageous strategy.

Sin Taxes

Lots of taxpayers have seen drastic increases on cigarette taxes over the past year as local government agencies seek sources of additional revenue. However, these are not the only sin taxes that have increased. As part of the health care reform bill an indoor tanning tax was instituted, and going in to 2011 you can expect to see many more sin tax increases, especially at state and local levels.

Marriage Penalty

Married taxpayers should be concerned about another looming tax hike in 2011. Unless Congress addresses the issue, the "marriage penalty" will return next year, which has significant implications on couples that have significantly different income levels. Luckily, some of these taxpayers might be able to avoid the penalty by filing separately.

Deduction Caps

Although not a direct tax hike, the new deduction caps looming in 2011 will force many high-income taxpayers to pay more to Uncle Sam. President Obama has expressed interest in limiting the value of deductions at 28%, but has faced significant opposition. Many charitable groups have spoken out against this tax change, with fear that it will result in fewer donations from Americans.

Business Taxes

Small and large businesses should also expect tax increases in the next year. There are going to be higher SECA taxes for owners of S firms and partnerships, restrictions on worker classifications, and an elimination of the deduction for domestic production.

Audits

The last thing that any taxpayer wants to hear is that the likelihood of an IRS audit will increase in the next year. However, the White House has been pushing the IRS to crackdown on both small businesses and individuals. Earlier in the year Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner even asked Congress for additional funds to support the increased collection efforts.

IRS: No More Tax Forms In The Mailbox

From CNNMoney.com:

Electronic filing of tax returns has become so popular that the Internal Revenue Service will no longer automatically mail a traditional paper form.

"We're finding that more and more people are choosing to e-file, and the number of paper returns is going down," said IRS spokesman Anthony Burke. He told CNN Tuesday that the agency last year mailed the old-style set of paper forms, tables and instructions to just eight percent of the nation's taxpayers.

Burke said 96 million taxpayers this year have filed electronically, with another 20 million filing through professional tax preparers. The IRS hopes to save $10 million a year by not automatically mailing the materials.

Those who prefer hardcopy documents can still find them at libraries, post offices and walk-in IRS offices around the country. After Jan. 1, they can request a mailing through the IRS toll-free number, 800-829-3676.

The materials will also be available to download and print out from the IRS website: www.irs.gov

Odds Brightening For Tax Cut Extension

While America waits for Congress to return from their summer break, experts are weighing in on whether the Bush tax cuts will be extended or not. As the January 1^st deadline approaches, the lack of information about tax rates for 2011 is frustrating many taxpayers.

Forbes reports:

On Jan. 1, 2011 the top income tax rate on ordinary income and dividends will go back to 39.6%, the top tax rate on capital gains will revert to 20%, and the top tax rate on estates will go back to 55%. Some in Congress want to extend the tax cuts for everyone, some want to extend them but not for the "rich," and others want to hold the dividend tax rate to 20%. These decisions make a huge difference to American business. But rather than putting it up for a vote, Congress is playing political games.

Our best guess is that, ultimately, all the current tax rates on regular income, dividends and capital gains get extended for another year. When this happens remains a major mystery, and no matter what we say or think, uncertainty about all of this remains extremely high.

Ideally, it would happen before the election this year. But this would require President Barack Obama and the Democrats to turn dramatically, just when the public is paying more attention to politics. It would look opportunistic, demoralize some liberal voters and undermine the Democratic position that tax rates on the rich don't matter that much to the economy.

How about in a lame duck session? If the consensus is right and Republicans take the House and make large gains in the Senate, it would give Democrats a chance to say they are listening to the voters. But in a lame duck session, Speaker Nancy Pelosi would still rule the House with little to no incentive to do the heavy lifting needed to pass a bill.

Continue reading at Forbes.com…

IRS Removes Debt Indicator for 2011 Tax Filing Season

In their newest press release, the IRS announced that starting this January they will no longer provide tax preparers with a “debt indicator,” which had been used to facilitate refund anticipation loans (RALs).

“As we prepare for tax season every year, we look at past practices and consider whether they still make sense. We no longer see a need for the debt indicator in a world where we can process a tax return and deliver a refund in 10 days,” IRS Commissioner Doug Shulman said. “We encourage taxpayers to use e-file with direct deposit so they can get their refunds in just a few days.”

So far this year, more than 95 million tax returns have been e-filed, representing more than 70 percent of tax returns.

“Refund Anticipation Loans are often targeted at lower-income taxpayers,” Shulman said. “With e-file and direct deposit, these taxpayers now have other ways to quickly access their cash.”

The IRS has been reviewing refund settlement products, such as RALs and Refund Anticipation Checks (RACs), as part of the Return Preparer Review released in January. Specifically, the IRS announced that it would study refund settlement products.

RALs are loans secured by a taxpayer’s anticipated tax refund. Currently, tax preparers who electronically submit a client’s tax return receive in the acknowledgment file an indication of whether an individual taxpayer will have any portion of the refund offset for delinquent tax or other debts, such as unpaid child support or delinquent federally funded student loans. This acknowledgment is known as the debt indicator, and is used as an underwriting tool for RALs.

How To Be Debt-Free In 2011

From Forbes.com:

It's hard to think of Christmas when you're busy cooling off by the nearest air-conditioning vent, but now is the best time to prepare. Remember that credit card bill you cringed over in January? If you start saving now and plan for your holiday spending, you'll be able to shop guilt-free with cash, and ring in the New Year knowing you won't be paying for those gifts until spring. Here's a plan to get you there.

Set a Goal

How much does the holiday season set you back? It is estimated that the average American spends between $700 and $800 on gifts. Start by making a list of all the people you expect to buy for, and assign a rough budget for each. Don't forget to budget for travel expenses you might incur, or food and decoration for that dinner party you plan to host for your family. Be realistic about all the added cost of the holiday season, so you have an honest savings goal to work with.

Ready, Set ... Save!

Now that you have a goal, divide this dollar amount over the months leading up to Christmas. Let's say your goal is $750; divided by five months that means $150 a month, depending on how long you have left until Dec. 25. This will be your monthly savings plan. If you can save up this sum, you will be able to pay cash for everything come shopping time.

Why cash? Remember that January credit card bill? You're not alone: studies show we spend more when pulling out the plastic instead of cold hard cash. Paying cash will make sure you don't spend more than planned, and save you the credit card interest charges.

Make Your List and Check It Twice

So what if there is just no way you can make this savings goal? Maybe you or your partner lost a job this year, or maybe you have other bills that take priority over Christmas gifts. Prioritize your list, and look for ways to cut the budget. Instead of buying your colleagues and friends presents, maybe you can make a batch of sweets, or host a dinner--better yet, make it a potluck. Sure, grandma loved that food basket you ordered online, but she'll love a framed photo and artwork from the kids too.

Questions for the Tax Lady: January 4th, 2010

Check out the following new Questions for the Tax Lady answers and feel free to ask me questions through one of the links below. You can send me an email, direct message or @ reply, and I will do my best to get an answer for you!

Question #1: I keep hearing that there will be no estate tax in 2010, but what will happen come 2011?

As I explained in this blog entry a few weeks ago, starting on January 1, 2011 the estate tax will return even more aggressive than before. Unless legislation is passed in the next year, the tax would resume with a 55% rate on all estates valued at more than $1 million, which would revert the estate tax back to levels seen in the early 1990’s.

Question #2: How do I change the address the IRS has on file for me after moving to a new state?

Generally, you should not worry about officially notifying the IRS about a recent move. If you are changing jobs then the IRS will automatically update your records once your employers files your new IRS Form W2. Otherwise, next time you file a tax return make sure to list your current address. The IRS will see the change, and automatically update their records.