Over the weekend The Glass Hammer posted a great article contributed by Susan  Stern, of Stern & Associates, explaining how to prepare for a communications  crisis. I have included a section of the article below, but you can  find the full  text here.
 
Few companies or organizations will never  face a serious and immediate challenge at some point during their history.  How effectively and quickly the organization deals with the threat and  communicates with the media, customers, employees and other key publics  often determines how its products, services and corporate leaders are  viewed – positively or negatively – for many years to come.
 
What essential steps should executives  and managers take to avoid damaging their brand and ensure a positive  outcome when a crisis occurs?
Step 1. Create a Written Crisis Communications  Plan
Effective crisis communication depends  on implementing a thorough plan based on the ordinary challenges a company  could face in the course of an ordinary day as well as extraordinary  events such as terrorist attacks, natural disasters and workplace violence.  The plan must be designed to help your organization’s leaders quickly  and effectively communicate important information and key messages to  the media, customers, employees and other key publics. A crisis communications  plan is an essential corporate tool in today’s world. With social  media and text messaging rapidly spreading information – and potential  misinformation – to a wide audience in minutes, it’s critical to  be able to act swiftly and effectively before the damage begins. Delays  caused when organizations need to start framing their response from  scratch force them to play “catch up” with the media and other key  audiences.
Your plan should be a framework for action,  containing the information gathered during your initial organizational  work as well as material you’ve developed based on specific scenarios  your company could face. It should be flexible enough to be quickly  edited and customized for a specific situation so it does not appear  that you’re simply issuing off-the-shelf statements.
 
It is also important that individuals  in your company who could potentially speak with the media be trained  by a public relations practitioner with crisis experience to understand  the preferred communications techniques and effectively deliver key  messages on a regular basis and when it counts most.